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covariation=correlation?
you decide
covariation>correlation
I have decided.
Correlation != Covariation
Correlation: every time the bus drives by, the street lights go on. The bus happens to drive by at 7pm, the same time the lights go on. No agency in either the lights or the bus, no causal relation between the lights and the bus.
Covariation: def: correlated variation (dictionary.com) - seems to imply agency - inferring causal connections as best as possible without being able to readily identify the underlying causal factor due to the messiness of 'privileged access' we each experience as subjective consciousness.
Changingminds.org gives an interesting introduction:
covariation = correlation times the product of the populations' standard deviations
Covariation = multiplicitive transformation of the pearson correlation coefficient.
(In other words, they mean the exact same thing; "correlation" is just the more common/lay term for the mathematical/philosophical concept of "covariation")
Was he wearing the galoshes on his head?
#6, yes, and then in the middle of the night someone snuck in and put them on his feet, and conked him on the head.
Jake078 @ 7: Wouldn't they conk him on the head first?
Well, I dunno, I guess because a conk on the head is more effective when there's not a boot covering it? :)
Nick, they don't mean the same thing. correlation implies a relationship between the variables. Covariance does not---it's the word to use when the apparent relationship could be accidental / coincidental
Blogmother - I'm not sure to what usage you're referring, but the statistical terms "covariance" and "correlation" are inextricably linked--if two variables covary to any degree (and thus have non-zero covariance), they will have a non-zero correlation coefficient.
In the philosophy of science, covariation is one of JS Mill's three criteria for finding causal relationships. He keeps covariation separate from his other criterion of "non-spuriousness," which is the part that deals with whether the realationship is real, or just due to coincidence or external factors.
Ummmmm... so he gets headaches when it rains the night before?
no no no ! He gets headaches because he puts his galoshes on his head and when they go to hit his feet they bash his noggin! Sheesh!
Not sure how using galoshes are unhygienic, but I assume that waking up with a headache and galoshes on means that he got drunk the night before and didn't passed out without taking them off.
My wife has trouble differentiating these two things, which can make discussions (especially debates) with her difficult. It also causes her to just say some darn silly things. Or at least, I think that's what causes her to say silly things. But I might be confusing causality with covariation.